英语的定语从句

一、与定语从句有关的概念

(1)定语从句：就是在复合句里充当定语的从句，它通常紧靠在所修饰的名词或代词后面。

(2)先行词：就是被定语从句修饰的名词或代词。

(3)关系词：引导定语从句的词叫关系词。关系词有关系代词who, whom, whose, which和that等；关系副词有when, where, why等。关系词不仅起连接作用，而且还代表先行词并在定语从句中担任某一句子成分，关系代词作主语、宾语、定语、表语等，关系副词作状语。如：

This is the book that my father bought me yesterday 这就是我父亲昨天帮我买的那本书。

说明：句中修饰the book的that my father bought me yesterday就是定语从句；被定语从句所修饰的the book这是先行词；代表the book的关系代词that在定语从句中作bought的直接宾语。

The time when he arrives is not known 他到达的时间还不知道。

说明：句中when he arrives是定语从句，被定语从句修饰的the time是先行词，关系副词when作时间状语。

二、关系代词的一般用法

先行词是人，在从句中作主语用who，作宾语用whom或who，作定语用whose；先行词是物，在定语从句中作主语或宾语都用which，作定语用of which或whose均可。在限制性定语从句中which, who, whom都可用that代替。关系代词作宾语时常被省略。

This is the man who helped me yesterday 这就是昨天帮助我的那个人。(作主语)

The teacher (who/whom/that) you want to see is coming 你要见的老师来了。(作see的宾语，可以省略)

I met a boy whose father was a astronaut 我认识一位男孩，他的父亲是宇航员。(作定语)

Here is the coat which/that will be made to you 这是一件做给你的衣服。（作主语）

This is the factory (which/that) we visited last year这就是我们去年参观的那家工厂。(作visited的宾语，可以省略)

He has a book whose cover (=the cover of which) is very beautiful 他有一本封面非常漂亮的书。

三、关系副词的一般用法

关系副词有when, where, why，在定语从句中作状语，分别表示时间、地点和原因。when的先行词通常是time, day, season, age, occasion等时间名词；where的先行词通常是place, city, town, village, house, case, situation, scenes等地点或情形名词；why的先行词只能是reason。关系副词when和where有时可用“介词＋which”代替，why可用for which代替。如：

There are occasions when (=on which) one must yield 任何人都有不得不屈服的时候。

Beijing is the place where (=in which) I was born　北京是我的出生地。

Is this the reason why (=for which) he refused our offer　这就是他拒绝我们帮助他的理由吗？

注意：先行词虽然是时间或地点，但若在定语从句中作主语或宾语时，要用关系代词。

(1)The factory where his father worked has closed 他父亲曾工作的那家工厂关闭了。(作状语)

比较：The factory which/that was built in 1978 has closed 1978年建的那家工厂关闭了。(作主语)

(2) I’ll never forget the days when we lived together 我永远也忘不了我们一起生活的那些日子。(作状语)

比较：I’ll never forget the days (that) we spent in Australia 我永远也忘不了我们在澳大利亚度过的那些日子。(作及物动词spent的宾语)

(3) The reason (why) she was ill was that she had eaten bad meat 她生病的原因是她吃了变质的肉。(作状语，用关系副词)

比较：The reason (that) he gave for his absence was obviously fabricated他所说的缺席理由显然是编造的。(作gave的宾语，用关系代词)

四、只能用that引导的定语从句

(1)当先行词是指物的all, little, few, much, any, anything, everything, nothing, none, the one时，或先行词被all, little, few, much, any, every, no等修饰时。

All that can be done has been done 能做的都已经做了。

He will tell you everything that he heard about it他将告诉你他所听到的关于这件事的一切。

There is little work that is fit for you 没什么工作适合你做。

I have eaten all the food that is left 我把剩下的所有食物都吃了。

(2)先行词是序数词或最高级形容词时，或者先行词被序数词(包括last, next)、最高级形容词及the only, the very 等修饰时。

This is the first film that I have seen since I came here这是我到这里后所看的第一场**。

This is the best that has been used against pollution 这是用来防止污染的最好办法。

This is the very book that I am looking for 这正是我一直在寻找的那本书。

(3)先行词包括人和物时

They often talk about the people and the things that they are interested in 他们常常谈论那些他们感兴趣的人和事。

(4)当主句是以who或which开头的疑问句时，为了避免重复，多用that引导。如：

Which is the house that caught fire last night 昨晚失火的是那座房子？

Who is the lady that is playing the piano 在弹钢琴的那位**是谁？

五、不能用that引导的定语从句

(1)在非限制性定语从句中，不以能用that引导。

Yesterday I met Mary, who seemed very excided 昨天我碰到了玛丽，她显得非常兴奋。

(2)直接在介词后作宾语时，不能用that引导，要用whom, whose或which，且不能省略。

The house in which we live is not large 我们住院的房子不大。

I know the young man with whom you live 我认识和你住在一起的那个年青人。

但当介词放在从句的末尾时，可以用that替代which, who替代whom，也可以省略关系代词。如：

The house (which/that) we live in is not large 我们住院的房子不大。

I know the man (whom/who/that) you live with 我认识和你住在一起的那个人。

(3)当先行词是指人的all, any, few, one(s), anyone, everyone, people 等时，多用 who。如：

None so blind as those who won't see 睁眼不看事实的人眼最瞎。

Anyone who is over sixteen is allowed in 任何超过十六岁的人都允许进去。

I met someone who said he knew you 我碰到一个人，他说认识你。

He who has a mind to beat his dog will easily find his stick (谚)欲加之罪,何患无辞。

(4)当先行词与关系代词之间有较复杂的短语或从句隔开时

I was the only person in my office who was invited 我是我们办公室里唯一受到邀请的人。

A new master will come tomorrow who will teach you German 有位新校长明天来，他将教你们德语。

1 I prefer the music that makes me feel good

2 I prefer the music that is loved by most people

3 I prefer the music that is soft

4 I prefer the music that is newly made

5 I prefer the music that is full of passion

　初中英语 定语从句篇一

　定语是用来限定、修饰名词或代词的。下面就是老师为同学们带来的对定语从句的详细讲解，供同学们学习的参考。

　知识点总结

　要学定语从句，得知道什么是定语。定语是用来限定、修饰名词或代词的。例如，a good book, good就是定语。那么复合句中修饰名词或代词的从句就叫做定语从句。定语从句由关系代词或关系副词引导，相当于形容词，在句中作定语。被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词，定语从句一般放在先行词的后面。引导定语从句的关联词称为关系词，关系词有关系代词和关系副词。关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose等，绝对没有what；关系副词有where, when, why,how等。关系词放在先行词和定语从句之间，起连接作用，同时又作定语从句的某个成分。

　一、关系代词引导的定语从句

　1、由who, whom, that，Whose引导的从句

　这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词，who作主语指人，whom作宾语指人，that既可作主语又可作宾语（作宾语可以省略），可以指人也可以指物。Whose 用来指人或物，只用作定语。

　(1) Is he the man who/that wants to see you 他是那个想见你的男人吗？（who/that在从句中作主语）

　(2) He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday 他就是我昨天见的那个人。（whom/that在从句中作宾语）

　(3) The man whom you spoke to just now is our English teacher 你刚刚说话的那个男人是我们的英语老师

　(4) he man whose son is a doctor is our professor 那个儿子是医生的男人是我们的教授。

　2、由which, that引导的从句

　它们所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词，在从句中可作主语、宾语等，作宾语时可以省略，例如：

　(1) Prosperity which / that had never been seen before appears in the countryside 农村出现了前所未有的繁荣。（which / that在从句中作主语）

　(2) The package (which / that) you are carrying is about to come unwrapped 你拿那个包裹快要散开了。(which / that在从句中作宾语）

　注意： 代表物时多用which，但在下列情况中用that而不用which：

　a)先行词是anything, everything, nothing , none等不定代词时；

　b)先行词由every, any, all, some, no, little, few, much等修饰时，这时的that常被省略；

　c)先行词前有序数词或被形容词最高级修饰时；

　d)先行词中既有人又有物时；

　e)整个句中前面已有which，who,that时；

　f)当先行词为物并作表语时；

　g)先行词为one时；

　h)先行词同时又被the only,the very,the same修饰时；

　二、关系副词引导的定语从句

　1、when指时间在定语从句中做时间状语也可做连接词用 I still remember the day when I first came to the school

　2、where指地点在定语从句中做地点状语 Shanghai is the city where I was born

　3、why指原因在定语从句中做原因状语 ，用在reason 后面。 Please tell me the reason why you missed the plane

　常见考法

　对于定语从句的考查，多以单选的形式考查学生灵活运用的能力。一般情况下，常从关系词的意义和功能的角度考查，重点是that,which,who引导的定语从句。

　典型例题：You're the only person ______I've ever met ______could do it

　A who B whom C whom D who

　解析：先行词person后有两个定语从句,第一个从句省略了关系代词whom因为, whom作从句中met的宾语,可以省略第二个从句who could do itwho在从句中作主语,不可省略

　答案：D

　误区提醒

　当表示时间或地点的名词作先行词时，要判断出它们在从句中作状语还是主语或宾语。作状语时用关系副词，反之用关系代词。

　典型例题：I can never forget the day _______ we worked together and the day ______ we spent together

　A when; which B which; when C what; that D on which; when

　解析： 两个先行词the day都是表示时间的名词,但第一个空白处要填的关系词在从句中作状语,因此要用关系副词when 第二个空白处要填的关系词在从句中作动词spent的宾语,因此要用关系代词which或that来引导定语从句

　答案：A

　上述是对定语从句的详细讲解，有不懂得可以参考等更多相关知识的学习！

　初中英语语法大全：动词的种类

　关于英语中动词的种类知识，希望同学们很好的掌握下面的内容学习。

　动词的种类

　动词是表示动作或状态的词，按其词义和在句子中的作用可分为行为动词，连系动词，助动词和情态动词。

　1．行为动词

　行为动词可分为及物动词 (vt)和不及物动词(vi)，及物动词表示动作或状态，有完整的词义，能单独作谓语，后跟宾语；不及物动词表示动作或状态，有完整的词义，能单独作谓语，但后面不能直接跟宾语，如要带宾语则与介词或副词构成短语。

　如：

　More and more people study English(vt)

　The students are listening to the teacher carefully(vi)

　2．连系动词

　连系动词本身有一定的词义，但不能独立作谓语，必须与表语一起构成谓语。常用的连系动词有 be, get, turn, become, look, feel, grow, seem, sound, taste, smell等。

　如：

　Our country is becoming stronger and stronger

　It feels damp

　3．助动词

　助动词本身无词义，不能单独作谓语，只能和主要动词一起构成谓语动词，表示否定，疑问及动词的时态、语态、人称和数等语法特征，助动词有 be,do,have,shall,will等。

　如：

　How do you usually come to school

　The children are playing yo-yo now

　4．情态动词

　情态动词本身有一定的意义，但不能独立作谓语，只能和主要动词原形一起构成谓语，表示说话人的语气和情态。情态动词没有人称和数的变化。情态动词有 can (could),may(might),must, need, ought to, dare等。

　如：

　Can I help you

　- Must we go now -No, you needn't

　a can与be able to的用法有所区别。can只用于一般现在时和过去时，指本身有能力的"能"；be able to用于各种时态均可，指须经过努力而"能"。

　b must与have/has to的用法。must表示说话人主观认为"必须"，只用于一般现在时和一般将来时；have/has to表示客观需要，意为"不得不"，它可用于各种时态。

　c．need和dare既可作情态动词也可作行为动词。

　以上对动词的种类知识的内容讲解学习，相信同学们已经能很好的掌握了吧，希望同学们在考试中取得很好的成绩。

　初中英语语法大全：动词不定式的形式

　对于英语的学习中，关于动词不定式的形式知识点的内容，我们做下面的讲解学习哦。

　动词不定式的形式

　1．作主语。 如：

　To learn English is very important

　但实际上不定式作主语常用 it来作形式主语，而将不定式移至谓语动词后作真正的主语。

　如上句可表达为：

　It's very important to learn English

　2．作表语。 如：

　My idea is to ring him up at once

　3．作宾语。 如：

　I have decided to go to Binjiang Primary School

　4．作宾语补足语。

　a ask, want, teach, tell, know, would like, allow等动词后面接动词不定式作宾语补足语。

　如： The policemen asked him to get off the bus

　b hear, see, look at, feel, watch, notice, listen to等动词后接不带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语。

　如： We often see Miss Li clean the classroom

　c let, make, have这些使役动词后接不带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语。但在被动语态中这些不带to的都须带上to。

　如： In those days the bosses often made the workers work day and night

　d动词help接动词不定式作宾语补足语，可带to也可不带to。

　如： Can you help me (to) carry the heavy bag

　5．作定语。

　a与被修饰词有动宾关系。如：I have something important to tell you但如果不定式动词为不及物动词，后面的介词千万不要省略。

　如： Maybe they have three rooms to live in

　b与被修饰词有主谓关系。

　如： Mr Liang is always the first to come and the last to leave

　c与被修饰之间只有修饰关系。

　如： I have no time to play cards

　6．作状语，表示目的、原因、方法、方向、结果等。

　如： I'll go to meet my friend at the railway station

　7．不定式复合结构"for sb to do sth" 作主语时，常用"It is +adj+ for

　of sb to do sth"的句式。形容词good, bad, polite, unkind, kind, ice, clever,

　right, wrong, careful等用"It is +adj +of sb to do sth"

　其他形容词用 for。

　如：

　It's dangerous for you to ride so fast

　It's very kind of you to help me

　8．动词不定式与疑问句who, what, which, when, how, where, whether等连用。

　如： I don't know when to start

　He didn't tell me where to go

　但上面结构相当于一个从句，故上述句子也可表达为：

　I don't know when we'll start

　He didn't tell me where he would go

　注意：

　a有些动词或动词短语不能带不定式，只能接动词的-ing形式。

　如： enjoy, finish, keep, mind, miss(错过),be busy, go on, keep on, be worth, practise等。

　如： The peasants are busy picking apples

　Would you mind my opening the door

　b有些动词后可接不定式，也可接动词的-ing形式，但意思不同。

　如： Lu Jian forgot to post the letter(该寄但还没做)

　Lu Jian forgot posting the letter(已经寄过信了)

　They stopped to sing a song(停止在做的工作而去做另一件工作)

　They stopped singing(停止正在做的工作)

　希望上面对动词不定式的形式知识的内容讲解学习，同学们都能很好的掌握，相信同学们会取得很好的成绩的哦。

　初中英语语法大全：短语动词的四种类型

　同学们认真学习，下面是老师对短语动词的四种类型知识总结。

　短语动词的四种类型

　动词与介词、副词等构成的固定短语，叫短语动词。主要有四类：

　一、动词+副词

　有的一般不跟宾语，如go ahead, fall behind, get up, lie down, go up, run out, give in, stay up等；有的可以跟宾语，如put out, carry out, give up, wake up, check in, eat up, fill in, find out, fix up, hand in, mix up, look up, make out, turn down, work out等。

　注意：宾语是名词时，放在副词前面或后面都可以，但若作宾语的是人称代词时，就只能放在动词和副词之间了。如：

　We’ve decided to put the meeting off (=put off the meeting) 我们决定把会议推迟。

　We’ve decided to put it off 我们决定将它推迟。(不说put off it)

　二、动词+介词

　如ask for, care for, call for, break into, deal with, call on, look for等。后面必须接宾语。如：

　I don’t care for tea 我不喜欢喝茶。

　三、动词+副词+介词

　如look forward to, put up with, looked up to, go in for, go along with, date back to, look down on, keep up with, add up to, run out of等。如：

　She soon caught up with us 她很快赶上了我们。

　四、动词+名词+介词

　如take care of, pay attention to, make use of, make contribution to做出贡献等。如：

　Take care of your brother while I am away 我不在的时候，你要照顾好你弟弟。

　希望上面老师对短语动词的四种类型知识的讲解学习，同学们都能很好的掌握，相信同学们会学习的很好的哦。

　初中英语语法大全：及物动词与不及物动词

　关于英语中及物动词与不及物动词的知识学习，我们做下面的内容讲解。

　及物动词与不及物动词

　根据其后是否带宾语，动词可分为及物动词(带宾语)和不及物动词(不带宾语)。如：

　When will he arrive 他什么时候到？(arrive 不带宾语，为不及物动词)

　He reached Beijing yesterday 他昨天到达北京。(reach 带了宾语，为及物动词)

　有的动词既可用作及物动词也可用作不及物动词：

　The child is playing 这小孩在玩。（不及物用法）

　The child is playing the piano 这小孩在弹钢琴。（及物用法）

　He is writing 他在写字。（不及物用法）

　He is writing a letter 他在写信。（及物用法）

　The boy is reading 这男孩在阅读。 （不及物用法）

　The boy is reading a magazine 这男孩在看杂志。（及物用法）

　上面对及物动词与不及物动词知识的内容讲解学习，希望给同学们的学习很好的帮助，相信同学们会学习的更好的吧。

　初中英语语法大全：实义动词与非实义动词

　下面是对英语中实义动词与非实义动词知识的内容讲解，希望同学们很好的掌握。

　实义动词与非实义动词

　根据其含义和句子功用，动词可分为实义动词和非实义动词(包括时态助动词和情态助动词等)。如：

　He bought a story book 他买了一本故事书。(buy 为实义动词)

　He has read the story book 他已读过这本故事书。(has 为时态助动词，read为实意动词)

　He should read the story book 他应该读读这本故事书。(should 为情态助动词,red为实义动词)

　初中英语 定语从句篇二

　一 误用关系词

　1 I'll never forget the days when we spent together on the farm

　2 This is the factory where he was invited to visit last month

　分析：定语从句的先行词是表示时间或地点的名词或代词时，引导定语从句的关系词不一定都是 when 或 where 。关系词的选择主要取决于定语从句中的谓语动词。如果从句的谓语动词是及物动词而且其后没有宾语，就用关系代词 that 或 which 作宾语。如果从句的谓语动词是不及物动词或者是后面已经有了宾语的及物动词，就用关系副词。在句 1 和句 2 中，从句谓语动词 spent 和 visit 都是及物动词，而且后面又没有宾语，所以应分别将 when 和 where 改为 that 或 which 。

　二 宾语重复

　1 As we all know it, the earth is round

　2 The manager discussed the plan that they would like to see it carried out the next month

　分析：如果关系代词在从句中作宾语，则谓语动词后面就不能再有宾语。在句 1 中，关系代词 as 作从句谓语动词 know 的宾语，因此， it 就是多余的，应去掉。在句 2 中，关系代词 that 在从句中作动词 see 的宾语，因此 it 也是多余的，应去掉。

　三 缺少先行词或关系词

　1 Is this park where his father works

在网络上找了完整的句子来分析：

The best place to meet a lot of polyglots is an event where hundreds of language lovers meet in one place to practice their languages

意思：能够遇到很多多语言者的最佳地点是聚集了数百名多语言者的地方，他们在那里进行练习。

where在这里放在event后面，引导了定语从句，来修饰an event，where作为关系副词，有两个作用，1、起连接作用，连接了主句The best place to meet a lot of polyglots is an event和从句 hundreds of language lovers meet in one place to practice their languages 2、where在从句中充当地点状语。

定语从句及相关术语

1定语从句：修饰一个名词或代词的从句称为定语从句，一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词后面。2关系词：引导定语从句的关联词成为关系词关系词有关系代词和关系副词。关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose, as等；关系副词有where, when, why等。关系词常有3个作用：1，引导定语从句。2，代替先行词。3，在定语从句中担当一个成分。

1 定语可以由形容词，名词，代词，数词，分词，副词，不定式以及介词短语来担任，也可以由一个句子来担任．

定语从句是由关系代词或关系副词引导的从句，其作用是作定语修饰主句的某个名词性成分，相当于形容词，所以又称为形容词性从句．

2 定语从句用来修饰名词，代词或整个主句．

3 定语从句分为限定性和非限定性从句两种。

4 定语从句存在的条件:先行词+关系词（有的版本作关联词）+从句

（一） 限定性定语从句

1 that即可代表事物也可代表人，which代表事物；它们在从句中作主语或宾语，that在从句中作宾语时常可省略关系词，which在从句中作宾语则不能省略。而且，如果which在从句中作“不及物动词＋介词”的介词的宾语，注意介词不要丢掉，而且介词总是放在关系代词which的前边，但有的则放在它原来的位置

2 which作宾语时，根据先行词与定语从句之间的语义关系，先行词与which之间的介词不能丢

3 代表物时多用which，但在带有下列词的句子中用that而不用which，这些词包括all, anything, much等，这时的that常被省略

4 who和whom引导的从句用来修饰人，分别作从句中的主语和宾语，whom作宾语时，要注意它可以作动词的宾语也可以作介词的宾语

5 where是关系副词，用来表示地点的定语从句

6 when引导定语从句表示时间〔注〕值得一提的是，表示时间“time"一词的定语从句只用when引导，有时不用任何关系代词，当然也不用that引导

By the time you arrive in London, we will have stayed there for two weeks I still remember the first time I met her Each time he goes to business trip, he brings a lot of living necessities, such as towers, soap, toothbrush etc

7 whose是关系代词，修饰名词作定语，相当于所修饰成分的前置所有格

8 当从句的逻辑主语是some, any, no, somebody, anybody, nobody, something, anything, everything或nothing时，常用there is来引导

（二）非限定性定语从句

非限定性定语从句的作用是对所修饰的成分作进一步说明，通常是引导词和先行词之间用逗号隔开，将从句拿掉后其他部分仍可成立

1 which引导的非限定性定语从句来说明前面整个句子的情况或主句的某一部分

2 在引导限定性定语从句时，that有时相当于in which, at which, for which或at which

Attitudes towards daydreaming are changing in much the same way that(in which) attitudes towards night dreaming have changed

人们对白日做梦的态度正在改变，这与人们对夜间做梦的看法的变化有非常相似之处。

I like the music for the very reason that(for which) he dislike it

我出于某种原因喜欢这种音乐，而他恰恰与我相反。

We arrived the day that(on which) they left

刚好我们到的那天他们走了。

3 有时as也可用作关系代词

4 在非限定性定语从句中，不能用that，而用who, whom代表人，用which代表事物

（三）关系代词引导的定语从句

1who指人，在从句中做主语

(1) The boys who are playing football are from Class One

(2) Yesterday I helped an old man who lost his way

2 whom指人，在定语从句中充当宾语，常可省略。

(1) Mr Liu is the person (whom) you talked about on the bus

(2) Mr Ling is just the boy whom I want to see

注意：关系代词whom在口语和非正式语体中常用who代替，可省略。

(3) The man who/whom you met just now is my friend

3which指物，在定语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略

(1) Football is a game which is liked by most boys

(2) This is the pen (which) he bought yesterday

如果在从句中做宾语,就用whom或who比如: He is the man whom/who I talk to

如果是在从句中作主语就只能用who比如: He is the man who has an English book

4 that指人时，相当于who或者whom；指物时，相当于which。

在定语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略。

(5) The number of the people that/who come to visit the city each year rises one million

(6) Where is the man that/whom I saw this morning

5 whose通常指人，也可指物，在定语从句中做定语

(1) He has a friend whose father is a doctor

(2) I once lived in a house whose roof has fallen inwhose指物时，常用以下结构来代替

(3) The classroom whose door is broken will soon be repaired

（四）注意

介词+关系代词引导的定语从句关系代词在定语从句中做介词宾语时

从句常由介词+关系代词引导

(1) The school (that/which) he once studied in is very famous

(2) The school in which he once studied is very famous

(3) Tomorrow I will bring here a magazine (that/which) you asked for

(4) Tomorrow I will bring here a magazine for which you asked

(5) We’ll go to hear the famous singer (whom/that/who) we have often talked about

(6) We’ll go to hear the famous singer about whom we have often talked

注意：1 含有介词的动词短语一般不拆开使用，如：look for, look after, take care of等

(1) This is the watch which/that I am looking for (T)

(2) This is the watch for which I am looking (F)

2 若介词放在关系代词前，关系代词指人时用whom，不可用who或者that；指物时用which，不能用that；关系代词是所有格时用whose

(1) The man with whom you talked is my friend (T)

(2) The man who/that you talked with is my friend (F)

(3) The plane in which we flew to Canada is very comfortable (T)

(4) The plane in that we flew in to Canada is very comfortable (F)

3 “介词+关系代词”前可有some, any, none, both, all, neither, most, each, few等代词或者数词

(1) He loved his parents deeply, both of whom are very kind to him

(2) In the basket there are quite many apples, some of which have gone bad

（五）关系副词引导的定语从句

1 when指时间，在定语从句中做时间状语

(1) I still remember the day when I first came to the school

(2) The time when we got together finally came2 where指地点，在定语从句中做地点状语

(1) Shanghai is the city where I was born

(2) The house where I lived ten years ago has been pulled down

3 why指原因，在定语从句中做原因状语

(1) Please tell me the reason why you missed the plane

(2) I don’t know the reason why he looks unhappy today

注意：关系副词引导的从句可以由“介词+关系代词”引导的从句替换

(1) The reason why/ for which he refused the invitation is not clear,

(2) From the year when/in which he was going to school he began to know what he wanted when he grew up

（七）介词+关系词

1）介词后面的关系词不能省略。

2）that前不能有介词。

3） 某些在从句中充当时间，地点或原因状语的"介词+关系词"结构可以同关系副词when 和where 互换。 This is the house in which I lived two years ago

This is the house where I lived two years ago

Do you remember the day on which you joined our club

Do you remember the day when you joined our club

（八）先行词和关系词二合一

1)Whoever spits in public will be punished here (Whoever 可以用 anyone who 代替) 2)The parents will use what they have to send their son to technical school (what 可以用all that代替)

（九as） which 非限定性定语从句

由as, which 引导的非限定性定语从句，as和which可代整个主句，相当于and this或and that。As一般放在句首，which在句中。

As we know, smoking is harmful to one's health

The sun heats the earth, which is very important to us