什么叫主将从现,,英语的各种语态

什么叫主将从现,,英语的各种语态,第1张

你说的主将从现,就是主语是将来时态,从句是一般现在时的意思:

例如:

If you go to the cinema tomorrow(从句,是现在时态),I will go with you(主语,是将来时)

还有很多其它英语的时态:英语的时态(tense)是一种动词形式,不同的时态用以表示不同的时间与方式。

一、 一般现在时:

1概念:经常、反复发生的动作或行为及现在的某种状况。

2时间状语: always, usually, often, sometimes, every week (day, year, month…), once a week, on Sundays,

3基本结构:动词 原形 (如主语为第三人称单数,动词上要改为第三人称单数形式)

4否定形式:am/is/are+not;此时态的谓语动词若为行为动词,则在其前加don't,如主语为第三人称单数,则用doesn't,同时还原行为动词。

5一般疑问句:把be动词放于句首;用助动词do提问,如主语为第三人称单数,则用does,同时,还原行为动词。

6例句: It seldom snows here

He is always ready to help others

Action speaks louder than words

二、 一般过去时:

1概念:过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态;过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为。

2时间状语:ago, yesterday, the day before yesterday, last week,last(year, night, month…), in 1989, just now, at the age of 5, one day, long long ago, once upon a time, etc

3基本结构:be动词;行为动词 的过去式

4否定形式:was/were+not;在行为动词前加didn't,同时还原行为动词。

5一般疑问句:was或were放于句首;用助动词do的过去式did 提问,同时还原行为动词。

6例句:She often came to help us in those days

I didn't know you were so busy

三、 现在进行时:

1概念:表示现阶段或说话时正在进行的动作及行为。

2时间状语:now, at this time, these days, etc

3基本结构:am/is/are+doing

4否定形式:am/is/are+not+doing

5一般疑问句:把be动词放于句首。

6例句: How are you feeling today

He is doing well in his lessons

四、 过去进行时:

1概念:表示过去某段时间或某一时刻正在发生或进行的行为或动作。

2时间状语:at this time yesterday, at that time或以when引导的谓语动词是一般过去时的时间状语等。

3基本结构:was/were+doing

4否定形式:was/were + not + doing

5一般疑问句:把was或were放于句首。

6例句:At that time she was working in a PLA unit

When he came in, I was reading a newspaper

五、 现在完成时:

1概念:过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果,或从过去已经开始,持续到现在的动作或状态。

2时间状语:recently, lately, since…for…,in the past few years, etc

3基本结构:have/has + done

4否定形式:have/has + not +done

5一般疑问句:have或has。

6例句:I've written an article

The countryside has changed a lot in the past few years

六、 过去完成时:

1概念:以过去某个时间为标准,在此以前发生的动作或行为,或在过去某动作之前完成的行为,即“过去的过去”。

2时间状语:before, by the end of last year(term, month…),etc

3基本结构:had + done

4否定形式:had + not + done

5一般疑问句:had放于句首。

6例句:As soon as we got to the station, the train had left

By the end of last month We had reviewed four books

七、 一般将来时:

1概念:表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或准备做某事。

2时间状语:tomorrow, next day(week, month, year…),soon, in a few minutes, by…,the day after tomorrow, etc

3基本结构:am/is/are/going to + do;will/shall + do

4否定形式:was/were + not; 在行为动词前加didn't,同时还原行为动词。

5一般疑问句:be放于句首;will/shall提到句首。

6例句:They are going to have a competition with us in studies

It is going to rain

八、 过去将来时:

1概念:立足于过去某一时刻,从过去看将来,常用于宾语从句中。

2时间状语:the next day(morning, year…),the following month(week…),etc

3基本结构:was/were/going to + do;would/should + do

4否定形式:was/were/not + going to + do;would/should + not + do

5一般疑问句:was或were放于句首;would/should 提到句首。

6例句:He said he would go to Beijing the next day

I asked who was going there

九将来完成时:

1概念:在将来某一时刻之前开始的动作或状态

2时间状语:by the time of;by the end of+时间短语(将来);by the time+从句(将来)

3基本结构:be going to/will/shall + have done

十现在完成进行时:

1概念:在过去某一时刻之前开始的动作或状态一直持续到说话为止

2基本结构:have/has +been+doing

几种常见时态的相互转换

英语中的几种时态在一定情况下可以互相转换,以下是几种常见的转换形式:

十一、 一般过去时与现在完成时的转换

在现在完成时中,延续性动词能与表示一段时间的状语连用,瞬间动词却不能。但是,可用别的表达方式:①瞬间动词用于“一段时间 + ago”的一般过去时的句型中;②瞬间动词可改成与之相对应的延续性动词及短语,与一段时间连用;③瞬间动词用于“It is + 一段时间 + since + 一般过去时”的句型中,表示“自从……以来有……时间”的意思,主句一般用it is来代替It has been;④瞬间动词用于“Some time has passed since + 一般过去时”的句型中。请看:

A He joined the League two years ago

B He has been in the League for two years

C It is two years since he joined the League

D Two years has passed since he joined the League

十二、 一般现在时与现在进行时的转换

在一般现在时中,at加上名词表示“处于某种状态”,如at work(在工作), at school(上学、上课)等。此短语可与进行时态转换。请看:

Peter is at work, but Mike is at play

Peter is working, but Mike is playing

十三、 现在进行时与一般将来时的转换

在现在进行时态中go, come, leave, start, arrive等动词常与表示将来的时间状语连用表示将要发生的动作。如:I am coming, Mum! 意为“我就来,妈妈!”请看:

The train is leaving soon

The train will leave soon

十六种时态

一般现在时,一般过去时,一般将来时,一般过去将来时;

现在进行时,过去进行时,将来进行时,过去将来进行时;

现在完成时,过去完成时,将来完成时,过去将来完成时;

现在完成进行时,过去完成进行时,将来完成进行时,过去将来完成进行时.

你好!

呵呵,因为主句的谓语动词是told,表示过去时态,就是说老师说话的这个动作发生在过去。

那么第一个空就需要填写一个过去将来时的动词,为什么呢?因为,老师说话的时候,我们去the Forbidden City 的这个动作还没有发生。是对将来的假设。“我们将要去”的一般时态是“will go”那么它的过去将来时就是“would go”!

第二个空:表示的是不下雨,if作为条件状语从句,应该和主句的时态保持一致!所以,用的是过去时态,did not rain!也可以是won’t rain,但是,D选项的第一个空的答案是错误的,尽管第二个空填对了,也不可以选的。所以选择答案为C

在复合句中,由when ,as soon as ,after ,before ,until ,unless等引导的时间状语从句和由if 引导的条件状语从句,都符合“主将从现”的原则,即主句是一般将来时(或用一般现在时表示一般将来时的意义),从句要用一般现在时这是历年中考的考查热点

①一般将来时 ②一般现在时

will do am/is/are

am /is/are going to do do/does

例:I’ll go to the zoo if it ________ tomorrow

Adoesn’t rain Bwill rain Crains Dwon’t rain (2005年甘肃省)

答案:A

I’ll give the note to her as soon as she back(come)

答案:comes

中考链接:(下面这些题都是2004和2005年各省市的中考题)

1If he _______ harder,he will catch up with us soon

Astudy Bstudies Cwill study Dstudied (2004年北京市)

2We’ll go to visit Tian’anmen Square ________ it doesn’t rain tomorrow

Aif Bas soon as Cwhen Dsince (2004年河北省)

3– Do you know if we will go to the cinema tomorrow

-- I think we’ll go if we _______ too much homework

Awill have Bhad Cwon’t Ddon’t have (2004 年长沙市)

4Frank ______ to see his grandma if he ______ free tomorrow

Awill come,will be Bcomes,is

Cwill come,is Dcomes,will be (2004年吉林省)

5I am waiting for my friend________ ,I will go swimming alone

AIf he doesn’t come BIf he won’t come

CIf he will come DIf he is coming (2004年陕西省)

6– Will you come to the dinner party

-- I won’t come unless Jenny __________

Awill be invited Bcan be invited Cinvited Dis invited (2004年安徽省)

7Tomorrow is Sunday,Jim will go hiking with his friends if it __________

Aisn’t rain Bdoesn’t rain Cwon’t rain Ddon’t rain (2004年哈尔滨市)

8– How do you go to the zoo tomorrow

-- If it _________ tomorrow,I’ll go there by car

Arains Brain Craining Dwill rain (2004年甘肃省)

9Young man!If you _________ again,you’ll lose your job

Awill be Bwere Care Dhave been (2004年南宁市)

10Can you play games with us when your homework _________

Ais finished Bwill finish Cfinish

Dwill be finished (2004年四川省资阳市)

11You will stay healthy ________ you do more exercises,such as running and walking

Aif Bhow Cbefore Dwhere (2004年北京市海淀卷)

12I won’t believe that little Bob can run 100 metres in 15 seconds ______ I see it with my own eyes

Auntil Bafter Cwhen Dif (2004年黑龙江省)

13– I don’t know _______ he will come tomorrow

-- Don’t worry_______ he comes,I’ll let you know

Awhether…If Bif …Whether Cwhen …Whether

Dthat… If (2004年安徽省芜湖市)

14– It’s 9 o’clock nowI must go

-- It’s raining outsideDon’t leave ______ it stops

Awhen Bsince Cwhile Duntil (2005年北京市)

15Frank _______ a film if he’s free next Saturday

Asee Bsaw Chas seen Dwill see (2005年北京市)

16If Mr Smith ________ back,please let me know

Awill come Bcomes Ccame Dhad come (2005年宁波市)

17I don’t know if it ______ tomorrowIf it _________ ,I will stay at home

Awill rain,rains Brains,will rain Cwill rain,will rain (2005年哈尔滨市)

18The sports meet will continue ________ it rains this afternoon

Aif Bsince Cas soon as Dunless (2005年天津市)

19– I want to know when ______ have a field trip

-- We’ll have it when all the work ________

Ayou are,will finish Byou will,finishes

Cyou will,is finished Dyou will,is finish (2005年辽宁省)

20We won’t go to the park if it ________ tomorrow

Arains Bwill rain Cis raining (2005年青海省)

答案:1B 2A 3D 4C 5A 6D 7B 8A 9C 10A 11A 12A 13A 14D 15D 16B 17A 18D 19C 20A

内容来源:《初中生学习技巧》

主将从现是指在时间状语从句和条件状语从句中,如果主句是一般将来时,从句用一般现在时替代一般将来时。

常见的有以下四种情况:

一、条件状语从句的主句是一般将来时,那么从句常常用一般现在时

如:

when

i

grow

up,

i’ll

be

a

nurse

and

look

after

patients

我长大后要当一名护士,照顾病人

二、如果主句是祈使句,那么从句通常要用一般现在时

如:don’t

laugh

at

me

when

i

make

a

mistake

我犯错误的时候不要笑话我。

三、如果主句是含有情态动词的一般现在时,根据需要从句多用现在进行时

如:you

should

be

quiet

when

you

are

in

the

reading

room

在阅览室时应保持安静

如果if的条件状语从句遇到变换间接和直接时

,

祈使句应用not

to

如;

she

said

not

to

close

the

window

别主句与从句:简单而言主句就是问题的中心所在。一个句子的中心意思体现在主句中。所以判断主从关系要从意思入手。

或者根据引导词来看,引导词的后面是从句。定语从句主要修饰名次与代词主要关系词有;who

whom

whose

which

that

when

where

why

表语从句置于连系动词后面做表语。

时间状语从句

when,

whenever,

while,

as,

before,

after,

since,

till,

once,

as

soon

as,etc

地点状语从句

where,wherever

原因状语从句

because,

since,

as,

for,

now

that,

etc

目的状语从句

in

order

that,

so

that,

that,

etc

结果状语从句

so…that,

so

that,

such…that,

that,

etc

条件状语从句

if,

unless,

as(so)long

as,

etc

让步状语从句

though,

although,

even

if,

even

though,

however,

whatever,

as,etc

比较状语从句

as…as,

so…as,

than,

etc

方式状语从句

as,

as

if,

as

though,

etc

主将从现意思就是主句是一般将来时从句用,一般现在时。

主祈从现 意思是主句是祈使句从句用,一般现在时。

主情从现 意思是主句含有情态动词,从句用一般现在时。

主将从现就是主语是将来时态,从句是现在时态的句子,其标志性词有if,as soon as,unless,until,before,after,when,while,in case,as long as,the moment,no matter等等

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